Given by economic growth and development theories, agriculture sector is the important and it can prove to increase of industrial production.Agriculture sector can cover the needed input of industry such as labor and capital stock. Also agriculture sector is a main market of industrial production.Thus to attention of difference between productivity and spillover of both section that made a supplement relationship between sections. Therefore to aim evaluating past policies and planning for future policies, it's necessary to recognize this relationship. So in this paper studied relation between Agriculture and Industry sectors in Iran's economy by using time series data 1978-2001 and Ordinary Least Square and Two Stage Least Square methods. Then relation of value-added growth of industry sector and OIL CROPS production considered as part of agriculture sector that it's related with industry. Finally effect of capital and labor on value-added of agriculture and industry sectors discussed. As shown results, the bilateral relation has a useful for agricultural sector whereas Oi1CROPSproduction couldn't have influence on proving of industry sector.

An experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the density and dry weight of weeds and seed and OIL yield of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) as a medicinal plant that affected by cover CROPS, at the Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, during growing season of 2008-2009. Treatments were included four cover CROPS white clover (Trifolium repens L.), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) and chickling pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and control (without cover crop). Traits of study were included relative density, density and dry weight of weeds at five sampling stages and seed and OIL yield of castor bean. The results showed that the lowest relative densities were observed in common knotgrass (0-1.75%), purslane and pigweed (5.88-23.80%), purslane (1.43-23.80%), redroot amaranth (5.88-27.77%) and field bind weed (5.55-26.66%) at the first to fifth sampling stages, respectively. The effect of cover CROPS was significant (p£0.05) on density and dry weight of weeds at the different sampling stages and seed and OIL yield of castor bean. The minimum and maximum total densities of weeds were achieved in hairy vetch and control with 378.67 and 1021.39 plants. m-2, respectively. The highest seed and OIL yield of castor bean were recorded in hairy vetch with 475.94 and 182.75 kg. ha-1, respectively. In overall, results showed that cover CROPS can be planted as an ecological approach to considered weed management and improvement quantitative and qualitative yield of medicinal plants such as castor bean.

Planting of narrow leaf cover CROPS may have an important effect in reducing the use of herbicide. Cover CROPS, therefore, are an effective tools in the non-chemical weed management in sustainable agriculture. To evaluate the effect of cover CROPS on weeds control and essential OIL yield of mint, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blok design with three replications was conducted at the Research Field Mohagheghe Ardabili University, Iran, in 2015. First factor consisted of: spring wheat, spring barley, winter rye, winter wheat, winter barley, mixed winter rye + winter barley and second factor consisted of: cutting mulch near ground, heading living mulch 20-30 cm. from ground and killing ground cover by herbicide. Also, two controls were: without cover crop and weeding without cover crop and without weeding, inside conducted experiments. The results showed that the main effect of cover CROPS management had significant effect on peppermint content and dry weight and density of weeds. Comparison of interaction effects showed that highest leaf OIL yield in heading living mulch of winter wheat, undercutting spring barley and winter rye was (52g/h). On the average in three stages of sampling the percent biomass control of redroot pigweed and field bindweed in undercutting mulch, heading living mulch, killing cover CROPS with herbicide were 38% and 66% and their density control were 44% and 70%, respectively.

In order to study of nitrogen effect on critical period of weed control in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Birjand region, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with 24 treatments and 3 replications in research farm of college of agriculture of Birjand University in 2010. The main factor was three levels of nitrogen (0, 100 and 200 Kg.ha-1) and the sub factor was different weed competition periods containing of three levels of weed free, 3 levels of weed infested until phonological stages of V2, V4 and VR with two control (all season weed free and weed infested) treatments. The critical periods of weed control based on 5%, 10% and 15% of acceptable yield loss, were estimated by fitting of Gompertz and Logestic functions to driven data of respective yield of sunflower in weed free and weed infested treatments respectively. Results showed that increasing of weed infested period and decreasing of weed free periods, increased weed dry weight but decreased their density. The most weed dry weight and competition and so the least yield of sunflower was observed in 100 Kg ha-1 nitrogen. So, the longest period of weed control was obtained at this level of nitrogen fertilizer. The critical periods of weed control based on 5% of acceptable yield loss were 1-66, 3-91 and 2-76 DAE for 0, 100 and 200 Kg ha-1 nitrogen, respectively.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that results in significant consequences in active population of the society. In traditional manuscripts, there are many indications about the antidepressant effects of rose OIL. The purpose of this study was to determine the antidepressant effects of rose OIL and geranium OIL. METHODS: All experiments were carried out on male Swiss-Webster mice (25-30 gr). The antidepressant activities of rose OIL and geranium OIL were assesed using the forced swim test. In this test, mice were placed into a cylinderical glass (25 cm height, 12 cm in diameter) containing a column of 17 cm of water at 25±1°C. After 30 min (for the injection route) or 2 weeks (for the oral route) of the rose OIL and geranium OIL administrations, the mice were subjected to forced swimming test for 8 min.FINDINGS: Acute subcutaneous (s.c.) injection or chronic oral administration of rose OIL and geranium OIL significantly decreased the immobility time in the mouse forced swim test. The geranium OIL response was biphasic. Pretreatment of animals with amphetamine and nortriptyline also reduced the immobility time. The inhibitory effects elicited by rose OIL, geranium OIL and amphetamine but not nortriptyline were antagonized by reserpine.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the antidepressant activities of rose OIL and geranium OIL may be mediated through a presynaptic mechanism.

Introduction The controversy about sustainable agriculture has been extended to consider the impact of agricultural production. Population growth has increased the need for food, water, and renewable energy resources, which requires development of new knowledge about and technology for production systems using the sustainable development frameworks. As a consequence of agricultural reliance on natural resources and processes, a complicated relationship exists between agriculture and the environment. Agricultural activities can be both advantageous and disadvantageous for the environment. Agricultural activities have grown quickly over recent decades in Iran; their environmental impacts have also escalated. Major environmental issues in Iran include water shortages, nitrate leaching into ground water, sOIL erosion, and the release of pesticides and P-based fertilizers into water resources. Since there is a legal gap in assessing the environmental impact of agricultural activities in Iran; so little attention has been paid to reducing environmental emissions and use of resources of the agricultural products. Standard procedures should be used to assess agricultural activity to introduce environmentally-friendly practices and products. CROPS production is a system with high environmental impacts. Different tools are available for assessment of the environmental impact of agricultural products. The most comprehensive of these is life cycle assessment (LCA). The present study used LCA to evaluate the materials used, energy consumption, and related environmental emissions from cradle to farm gate for soybean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. ), and canola (Brassica napus L. ) CROPS in Ardabil province of Iran. Materials and Methods The basic guidelines for administering an LCA delineated in ISO standards 14040 and 14044 were observed in this research. LCA is an internationally standardized holistic assessment framework and is widely used to identify potential environmental emissions and resources throughout a product's lifecycle, particularly in the agro-food sector. Literature on LCA has demonstrated potential applications of LCA in agriculture. All environmental impacts were analyzed using Simapro v 8. 0. 1 software. The goal of the current analysis was to examine the environmental performance of conventional cropping practices of OILseed CROPS at the local level in Iran. The scope of the present research was limited to OILseed production system using all inputs and outputs of agricultural materials, energy, and water from cradle to farm gate in Ardabil. All materials, emissions, and water and energy consumption measured per 1 ton of a crop at 13% humidity are denoted as a FU. A system boundary covers the entire production system for soybean, sunflower, and canola. The inventory data was collected based on the commercial production of each crop. The goal of inventory questionnaire was to evaluate type of machinery, inputs and outputs and irrigation. Also, data collection involved face-to-face interview with farmers. The impact categories investigated in this research were eutrophication, acidification, global warming potential, and photochemical oxidation. In addition, the impacts of water dependence and land use were examined. Results and Discussion Only the classification and characterization stages of the LCA were considered in this research. The results showed that sunflower demonstrated a higher environmental load in five of the six categories because of its lower seed yield and higher water and energy demands. The results indicate that production of 1 ton of soybean and canola requires 370 and 471 m2 of land, respectively. Production of same quantity of sunflower required 426 m2 of land. Sunflower required 1. 59 and 1. 25 times more water than the canola and soybean respectively, to produce the same quantity of OILseed. It was found that the effects of these three CROPS comes generally from manufactured fertilizer, manure, diesel combustion, agricultural practices, and electricity for irrigation. Conclusion Generally, it can be said that the indirect effects associated with these inputs are related to producing and processing, which had higher impacts than those of the direct effects.

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is one of the medicinal plants that used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics in developed countries. OIL extracted from this plant is one of the most valuable cathartic and laxative ingredients in medicine. Its OIL is also used as biodiesel fuel. This study was carried out to investigate the quality, OIL content and physicochemical properties of castor OIL in comparison with the wild ones in Boroojerd region. The OIL content, Iodine value, acid number, Reflective index, Acidity and ash were determined, 49-61.7 % (w/w), 68-85 (the mass of iodine in grams that is consumed by 100 grams of a OIL), 0.36 - 0.90 (oleic acid %), 1/4771-1/4779, 1.9-4.5 (milligrams of Sodium hydroxide required to neutralize the free fatty acids in 1 g of OIL) and 1.78-3.6 % respectively. Ricinoleic acid content of OIL samples was determined by gas chromatograph method, it was 86.1- 90.4% (w/w). Castor OIL varieties were significantly different for all traits at 5% level. The number 1161 (Hamadan) had more yield in the OIL content. Thus, according to our results, if the purpose of planting these plants is highest economic yield, wild genotypes have the highest performance and genotype 1161 can be recommended for the Borujerd. Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics of wild castor seed OIL belong in Borujerd has not been studied in comparison with usual cultivar. This study is the first report of the OIL content and physicochemical characteristics of castor OIL that was extracted from wild castor seeds collected in Iran and cultivation in the Borujerdand comparison with the cultivar.

The research was carried out in order to investigate the yield, yield components and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the OIL extracted from 19 double haploid lines of Camelina.A field experiment was carried out as randomized complete block design with 20 treatments and three replications at the Serarud Rainfed Agricultural Research Institute of Kermanshah, Iran in 2021 growing season. The results demonstrated that the highest seed yield of camelina was obtained in DH100 line, which showed an increase of 43.5% compared to the control variety. Also, the lowest seed yield was related to DH105 line, which showed a decrease of 67.3% compared to the control variety. In addition, the highest OIL percentage and OIL yield were obtained in DH100 line, Chemical analysis of camelina OIL showed that the major fatty acids constituents in this plant's OIL include linolenic acid, linoleic acid , oleic acid and eicosenoic acid . The highest amount of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid was observed in DH100 line. In addition, the highest amount of eicosenoic acid belonged to the DH10 followed by DH100 line. It is worth mentioning that the amount of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and eicosenoic fatty acids increased by 10.9, 5.6, 6.4 and 8.7%, respectively, when compared with control variety.it can be concluded that the DH100 line is recommended as the best line for releasing new cultivars of this OIL-seed crop in rainfed conditions due to the highest OIL quantity and quality in comparison with control variety and other double haploid lines.